\n
Att detta inte \u00e4r sunt har framf\u00f6rts b\u00e5de av Michael Kumhof, ekonom p\u00e5 Internationella Valutafonden IMF och\u00a0 Adair Turner, tidigare chef f\u00f6r den brittiska motsvarigheten till Finansinspektionen, FSA, den svenske ekonomen Knut Wicksell (1851-1926) med flera.<\/p>\n
Hur mycket och till vem banker p\u00e5 detta s\u00e4tt pumpar ut nya pengar i ekonomin f\u00e5r stor p\u00e5verkan p\u00e5 ekonomin. F\u00f6rdelen \u00e4r att det kan skapa vad vi kallar tillv\u00e4xt. Nackdelen \u00e4r att det bl\u00e5ser upp priserna p\u00e5 tillg\u00e5ngar med bubblor och krascher som f\u00f6ljd.<\/p>\n
Dessa samband intresserade<\/b> ekonomer verksamma under det tidiga 1900-talet som Irving Fisher, Friedrich Hayek och i mer modern tid \u00e4ven Hyman Minsky.
\nDe ans\u00e5g att skulds\u00e4ttningsniv\u00e5n i ekonomin var en av de allra viktigaste faktorerna att h\u00e5lla koll p\u00e5.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Irving Fisher tyckte till och med att privata bankers m\u00f6jlighet att skapa pengar kunde leda till s\u00e5 stora problem att det borde f\u00f6rbjudas, en id\u00e9 som relanserats av Michael Kumhof.<\/p>\n
Dessa ekonomers slutsatser har visat sig vara mer relevanta \u00e4n n\u00e5gonsin. Varf\u00f6r?<\/p>\n
Till att b\u00f6rja med har den totala skulds\u00e4ttningen, offentlig och privat, \u00f6kat dramatiskt i v\u00e4rlden, sammanlagt motsvarar den idag 313 procent av BNP.<\/p>\n
I den moderna ekonomin g\u00e5r allt mindre till satsningar p\u00e5 produktion t.ex. byggen av v\u00e4gar eller fabriker. Merparten av\u00a0 l\u00e5nen anv\u00e4nds till att k\u00f6pa redan existerande tillg\u00e5ngar som fastigheter, allts\u00e5 spekulation, eller till att tidigarel\u00e4gga konsumtion (Krediter).<\/p>\n
En rad sp\u00e4rrar f\u00f6r hur mycket k\u00f6pkraft som bankerna kan skapa ur tomma intet har f\u00f6rsvunnit de senaste decennierna. Det b\u00f6rjade med att pengar kopplades loss fr\u00e5n n\u00e5gon fysisk vara t.ex. guld. P\u00e5 senare tid har s\u00e5 kallade\u00a0 skuggbanker accelererat utvecklingen.<\/p>\n
Det har lett till att skulderna har fortsatt att \u00f6ka. Krediter som tillv\u00e4xtbr\u00e4nsle tycks fungera allt s\u00e4mre.<\/p>\n
Enligt en analys av Deutsche Bank har skulderna i de s\u00e5 kallade G7-l\u00e4nderna de senaste fem \u00e5ren \u00f6kat med 18 000 miljarder dollar. Det har resulterat i en BNP-tillv\u00e4xt p\u00e5 enbart\u00a0 1 000 miljarder dollar. Samma m\u00f6nster g\u00e5r att se i Asien. I Sverige har de totala skulderna stigit fr\u00e5n 429 procent av BNP \u00e5r 2007 till 490 procent 2012 enligt siffror fr\u00e5n Statistiska centralbyr\u00e5n. \u00c4nd\u00e5 har BNP per capita st\u00e5tt stilla.<\/p>\n
Vi har ett system som inte bara kr\u00e4ver h\u00f6g skulds\u00e4ttning f\u00f6r att skapa ekonomiskt tillv\u00e4xt, utan st\u00e4ndigt stigande skulds\u00e4ttning.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Som Adair Turner konstaterar: Detta m\u00e5ste vara fel, det m\u00e5ste vara farligt.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00a0B\u00e5de i vanliga skolb\u00f6cker och i avancerad makroekonomisk litteratur brukar banker beskrivas som mellanh\u00e4nder; De l\u00e5nar ut pengar som andra satt in. Men det var v\u00e4ldigt v\u00e4ldigt l\u00e4nge sedan det var en korrekt beskrivning av en bank.\u00a0 I sj\u00e4lva verket skapar bankerna pengar n\u00e4r de beviljar nya l\u00e5n. I och med det uppst\u00e5r ny k\u00f6pkraft. … Forts\u00e4tt l\u00e4sa Vad \u00e4r en bank egentligen<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nVad \u00e4r en bank egentligen - ekonomitips<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sitetips.nu\/ekonomitips\/vad-ar-en-bank-egentligen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vad \u00e4r en bank egentligen - ekonomitips\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0B\u00e5de i vanliga skolb\u00f6cker och i avancerad makroekonomisk litteratur brukar banker beskrivas som mellanh\u00e4nder; De l\u00e5nar ut pengar som andra satt in. 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